New crystal structure of molecular complex 1-piperidine carboxylate-piperidinium-H<Subscript>2</Subscript>O studied by X-ray single crystal diffraction

Piperidine absorbs CO2 and H2O in air to form a molecular complex： piperidium-l-piperidinecarboxylate-H2O. The structure of the complex was characterized by X-ray single crystal diffraction. The crystal structure was determined to be triclinic, space group P1^-with a=0.648 6（8） nm, b=0.809 200） nm, c= 1.357 1（16） nm, a=96.96706）°, β =102.506（15）°,γ=104.202 05）°, Z=2. The complex is stabilized via five hydrogen bonds between the three components, N-O electrostatic interaction and O-O interaction （electron transfer） betweenl-piperidinecarboxylate and H2O. Due to electron transference of carbamate ion, the oxygen atom in water molecule is strongly negatively charged and the O-H bond is considerably shorter than that of the free molecule of water. The formation of the molecular complex is a reversible process and will decompose upon heating. The mechanism of formation and stabilization is further investigated herein.     

二硫基二苯并噻唑的绿色合成

以2-巯基苯并噻唑(M)为原料,于水相(含少量丙酮)体系中,在过氧化氢的氧化下发生反应,高产率获得二硫基二苯并噻唑(DM)。     

氢原子n=4能级的斯塔克效应

利用微扰论,精确求解了氢原子在无外场时n=4的16重简并态能级波函数;并对处在电场中的氢原子n=4能级斯塔克效应进行了计算和分析.     

低温球磨制备Mg-4%Ni-1%NiO储氢材料及其性能

采用低温球磨技术制备了Mg-4%Ni-1%NiO储氢材料,主要研究低温球磨时间对材料形貌结构以及储氢性能的影响.采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)分析材料的形貌和相组成,采用压力-组成-温度(P-C-T)设备研究材料的储氢性能.结果表明:分别经过2、4和7 h球磨后,材料的相组成没有发生明显改变,只有极少量的Mg2Ni合金相生成.随着球磨时间的延长,材料的平均粒度逐渐下降,作为催化剂的Ni、NiO相逐渐揉进基体内部.伴随着上述变化,材料的活化性能、吸氢性能逐渐提高,球磨到7 h后材料仅需活化1次即可达到最大吸放氢速率,初始吸氢温度降为60℃,在4.0 MPa初始氢压和200℃下吸氢量为6.4%(质量分数),60s即可完成饱和吸氢量的80%,10min内完成饱和吸氢量的90%;材料的放氢性能则在球磨4 h后已经基本保持不变,0.1MPa下初始放氢温度为310℃,在350℃、0.1MPa下材料可在500s内释放饱和储氢量的80%.     

Carbon and hydrogen isotopic compositions and their evolutions of gases generated by herbaceous swamp peat at different thermal maturity stages

Coalbed methane (CBM) accumulation models include continuous gas accumulation and staged gas accumulation.However,studied on the geochemical characteristics and indices to evaluate staged accumulation CBM are lacking.This study for the first time obtained the carbon and hydrogen isotopic compositions of methane and ethane generated at different evolution stages using thermal simulation of samples prepared by treating an herbaceous swamp peat at different temperatures.The results showed that the carbon isotopic compositions of methane and ethane were obviously affected by the thermal evolution level of the starting sample,while the hydrogen isotopic compositions were closely related to the maturity of gases.The carbon and hydrogen isotopic compositions of gases generated by coal-forming organic matter with Ro values from 1.2%,1.7%,2.4%,3.2% and 3.7% to 5.2% were determinated.The relationship between Ro values and the carbon and hydrogen isotopic compositions of gases generated by coal-forming organic matter at different evolution stages as well as the carbon or hydrogen isotopic relationships between methane and ethane were established.The results provide a scientific basis for studying the genesis of CBM generated at different maturity intervals and understanding the geochemical characteristics of staged accumulation CBM.These results were applied to a case study on CBM from the southern Qinshui basin,and it was found that the CBM accumulated after the Middle Jurassic and was characteristic of staged gas accumulation.This is consistent with the result of geological studies,and further showed that the results of thermal simulation experiments are very important for evaluating the genesis of natural CBM.     

Potential release of hydrogen fluoride from domestic coal in endemic fluorosis area in Guizhou,China

Almost half of the total rural area of Guizhou Province and many regions within the 11 adjacent provinces in southwestern China have a long history(at least 70 years) of endemic fluorosis,including dental fluorosis and osteofluorosis along with its associated deformities and disabilities.Over decades of research,this specific type of endemic fluorosis has been defined as coal-burning fluorosis,which is distinct from drinking-water fluorosis.It is generally acknowledged that indoor burning and combustion of high-fluorine coal leads to food contamination,and fluorine then enters the human body.However,the exact chemical form of fluorine during its release and transfer to the body is still unknown.In the present study,21 domestic coal samples from outcrop and semi-outcrop coal collected in five villages with fluorosis were analyzed by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry(TOF-SIMS).The total mass fraction of sulfur in the samples ranged from 0.24%-5.58% and total fluorine content ranged 90.2-149.2 mg/kg.H3O+,H2SO4+ and HSO4-were detected in the samples by TOF-SIMS,which indicated that sulfuric acid hydrate(H2SO4.H2O) was present in the samples.F-was detected in all of these,which suggested the samples contain ionic fluorine compounds.Under certain circumstances,such as heating or burning,the prevalence and coexistence of the acid(H2SO4.H2O) and base(F-) would lead to a neutralization reaction producing volatile hydrogen fluoride(HF,bp = 19.5℃).This would be the chemical form of fluorine released from the coal.Further studies using HF and SO2 test tubes on headspace gas over coal samples heated to 200℃ in the laboratory and on headspace gas over stoves or chimney tops at rural residences confirmed the release of HF.     

噻吩二胺基三嗪衍生物的合成及其与全氟链苯甲酸形成的复合物的液晶行为研究

 以Kumada偶联反应为关键步骤首次合成了未见文献报道的2,4-二胺基-6-(4,5-二癸基噻吩)-1,3,5-三嗪 (T),并制备了在多重氢键作用下T与全氟链苯甲酸(A)形成的超分子液晶复合物.红外光谱(IR)与偏光显微镜(POM)研究表明T与A形成的等摩尔复合物可呈现液晶柱相,其原因可能是T与A通过氢键形成的二聚超分子的中心极性区域由于氢键的存在其极性得到加强,以及全氟链的引入提高了分子内的极性对比,利于微观相分离及分子进行有序自组装.     

碳纳米管储氢性能及H2分子扩散现象的分子动力学研究

本文采用Brenner及LJ混合势对H2在C纳米管的吸附及H2分子在C纳米管中的扩散性质进行了分子动力学模拟. 通过模拟轨迹的分析,分别计算了C-H之间的径向分布函数、H2分子在单壁C纳米管的均方位移及通过对H2分子的均方位移的分析,计算了不同温度下的H2分子在C纳米管中的扩散系数,分析了温度对扩散系数的影响.     

分子动力学模拟研究纳米孔道中受限水的自扩散

利用分子动力学模拟技术考察受限于3种不同材料的纳米孔道(单壁碳管、硼氮管、铁原子孔道)中水分子的静态结构与扩散动力学,计算孔道中水分子沿轴向的自扩散系数Dz,讨论孔道截面尺寸、形状以及组成材料的变化对水分子扩散动力学的影响.结果表明,水分子的轴向自扩散系数随孔道半径的增大而减小,光滑的孔道壁有利于水分子的运输.在3种孔道限制体中,水分子在单壁碳纳米管内的自扩散系数最大.     

N’-[(4,6-二甲氧基)-嘧啶-2-基]-N-[2-(2,4-二氯苯氧丙酰基)]硫脲的结构解析

报道了一个4,6-二甲氧基嘧啶取代的硫脲的分子结构和二维构筑体系.在这个分子中,通过强分子内氢键锁硫脲的3个主要片段促使分子呈现近平面结构;不同类型的弱分子间C-H—S和C-H—O氢键导致分子形成不同类型的二聚单元;这些二聚单元结合分子间的偶极-偶极促使分子呈现不同类型的席状体系;另外,π-π堆积和氯／氯间紧密相互作用导致嘧啶取代的硫脲分子呈现高度有序的交错层的自聚集体系.